DAS Solar has released a series of in-depth technical studies that place its proprietary DBC back-contact technology firmly at the center of next-generation photovoltaic innovation. Authored by the company's core R&D leadership team, the four newly published research papers collectively outline how DBC (DAON-BC) cell technology is evolving from laboratory-scale efficiency gains into an industrially viable, system-level solution for high-performance solar deployment.

Together, the studies address the full innovation chain from technology strategy and efficiency breakthroughs to process optimization, materials engineering, and module-level reliability, highlighting DAS Solar's growing role in shaping the future trajectory of N-type photovoltaic technologies.

A Platform-Led Strategy for Technology Evolution

In a comprehensive technical analysis, DAS Solar's CTO Dr. Dengyuan Song outlined the underlying logic that has guided PV technology evolution over the past decades. From crystalline silicon to thin films, and from P-type to N-type architectures, Dr. Song emphasized that every mainstream technology shift has been driven by the same three forces: cost reduction, efficiency improvement, and the maturity of the industrial ecosystem.

According to Dr. Song, LCOE remains the ultimate benchmark for solar competitiveness. Cell efficiency directly determines how fast costs can fall, while a robust industrial ecosystem accelerates commercialization and scale-up. These three factors reinforce one another, forming a self-sustaining cycle that determines which technologies ultimately succeed in the market.

Against this backdrop, DAS Solar has established a technology framework it defines as "One Core, Three Branches". The core of this strategy is the TOPCon platform, which serves as a stable and scalable foundation for parallel innovation. Built upon this platform, DAS Solar has developed multiple advanced technology pathways, including DBC back-contact cells, TSIP perovskite tandem architectures, and SFOS exciton-splitting concepts. This multi-track approach allows different technologies to advance simultaneously while sharing common manufacturing infrastructure, significantly reducing development risk and accelerating time to market.

Within this framework, DBC technology has emerged as DAS Solar's most advanced efficiency-driven innovation, progressing through three major iterations and reaching industry-leading performance at the DBC 3.0 Plus stage.

DBC 3.0 Plus: Aligning Efficiency, Cost, and Manufacturability

Expanding on the industrialization pathway of DBC technology, Mr. Kangping Zhang, General Manager of DAS Solar Central Research Institute, presented a detailed analysis of how the company is resolving the long-standing trade-off between efficiency, cost, and large-scale manufacturability.

DBC 3.0 Plus builds upon the tunneling oxide and full-passivation processes of TOPCon 5.0, while integrating targeted innovations in materials, pattern design, and cell structure. As a result, the technology has achieved a certified cell conversion efficiency of 27.77%, alongside a full-area module efficiency of 24.61%. With further system-level optimization, module power output is expected to exceed 680 W.

From a manufacturing perspective, DAS Solar has introduced semiconductor-style photolithography to replace conventional laser patterning in key process steps. Combined with the company's patented copper-based segmented fine-grid architecture, this approach maintains compatibility with existing N-type TOPCon production lines while significantly improving yield stability. Pilot-line yields have exceeded 96%, effectively lowering both transition costs and environmental impact during scale-up.

Supported by a multi-tier R&D system and a portfolio of more than one hundred core patents, DAS Solar is now preparing a diversified DBC product lineup tailored to applications ranging from BIPV to commercial and industrial distributed generation, ensuring close alignment between technological innovation and real-world market demand.

Materials Engineering for Scalable Back-Contact Modules

At the process and materials level, DAS Solar has conducted extensive research into adhesive systems specifically designed for back-contact cell architectures. According to Mr. Jianfang Dai, Deputy General Manager of DAS Solar Central Research Institute, polymer-based adhesive materials have been introduced to address manufacturing challenges commonly associated with BC cells, including surface damage to anti-reflective layers and short-circuit risks caused by narrow electrode spacing.

By leveraging the rheological properties of advanced polymer adhesives, DAS Solar has developed solutions that enable precise patterning and improved process stability during mass production. The research further examines critical factors such as print defects, shape retention, electrical insulation performance, and long-term bonding reliability. Through systematic analysis of material composition, chemical structure, and physical behavior, the study clarifies how adhesive performance directly influences module consistency and operational reliability.

In parallel, DAS Solar has established accelerated aging evaluation methods that reflect the combined effects of temperature, humidity, and irradiation under diverse climate conditions. These testing protocols provide a robust foundation for assessing the long-term durability of DBC modules in real-world applications.

Redefining Hot-Spot Performance at the Module Level

Module reliability under partial shading and complex illumination conditions is another focal point of DAS Solar's DBC research. Mr. Jiandong Li, Senior Manager of the Test and Evidence Center, presented findings on advanced hot-spot mitigation strategies embedded directly into the DBC cell design.

Through a self-optimizing anti-hot-spot architecture, DAS Solar's DBC modules have demonstrated a reduction in hot-spot temperature of approximately 50℃ compared with conventional module designs. At the same time, low-light response has been enhanced, with performance coefficients exceeding 95%, significantly improving operational stability in variable irradiance environments.

By optimizing carrier collection efficiency at the cell-structure level, the design minimizes localized energy accumulation caused by shading, effectively suppressing both the formation and propagation of hot spots. To further support reliability screening, DAS Solar has developed an equivalent circuit model and introduced a two-stage sub-string and module-level coordination method. This approach enables rapid and accurate identification of shading zones associated with maximum power dissipation, delivering higher testing efficiency and precision than traditional evaluation methods.

Innovation as a Continuous Process

The four studies collectively illustrate how DAS Solar is advancing photovoltaic technology through a platform-based innovation ecosystem. By using TOPCon as a scalable foundation and pushing DBC technology beyond conventional efficiency limits, the company demonstrates how performance-driven innovation, ecosystem support, and cost discipline can coexist within a single development framework.

Looking ahead, DAS Solar remains committed to its "One Core, Three Branches" strategy, with continued investment in DBC back-contact cells, perovskite tandem technologies, and next-generation multi-photon concepts. Rather than pursuing innovation in isolation, the company positions itself as an active contributor to the broader photovoltaic ecosystem, working alongside partners across the value chain to overcome technical barriers, reduce deployment costs, and accelerate the global transition to clean energy.